Search results for "degree day"
showing 10 items of 12 documents
Changes in soil mineral N content and abundances of bacterial communities involved in N reactions under laboratory conditions as predictors of soil N…
2016
Proper management of soil fertility requires specific tools for predicting N availability for crops as a consequence of different fertilization strategies. More information is required, especially for organic fertilizers, depending on their mineralization rate, composition, and processing (i.e., fresh or composted manure), as well as their effects on soil properties. Laboratory soil incubations were used as a proxy for understanding plant–soil N dynamics under field conditions. Chemical and microbiological measurements as contents of mineral N, potentially mineralizable N and the abundance of key genes regulating the overall N cycle were used as predictors of mineral N availability to maize…
Building energy demand assessment through heating degree days: the importance of a climatic dataset
2019
Abstract The weather is one of the main factors to consider when designing a building because it represents the most important boundary condition to affect the dynamic behaviour of the building. In the literature, many studies use the degree day to predict building energy demand. However, linking the results obtained from a generic building simulation tool with defined degree days, will not give reliable energy evaluation. The goal of this study is to demonstrate that the assessment of building energy demand through the use of the degree day is correct only if the determination of the climate index is a function of the same weather data. The relationship between Heating Degree-Day and heati…
Numerical Assessment of Heating Energy Demand for Office Buildings in Italy
2016
Abstract Buildings energy consumption depends on several parameters, such as climate, envelope typologies, occupant behavior, intended use, etc.; assessment of the energy performance of a building requires substantial input data describing constructions, environmental contexts, thermo-physical properties, geometry, control strategies and several other parameters influencing the thermal balance. In the last years, several numerical approaches dedicated to building simulation have been tested developing specialized software. On the other hand, simplified building models permit the evaluation of indoor conditions and heating/cooling loads with a good level of accuracy and without excessive com…
Modelling relationship among energy demand, climate and office building features: A cluster analysis at European level
2016
Abstract More than one-third of the energy demand of industrialised countries is due to achieving acceptable conditions of thermal comfort and lighting in buildings. Energy demand in buildings depends on a combination of several parameters, such as climate, envelope typologies, occupant behaviour, and intended use. Indeed, assessing a building’s energy performance requires substantial input data describing constructions, environmental conditions, envelope thermo-physical properties, geometry, control strategies, and several other parameters. This has been a very active area of research in recent years, and several numerical approaches have been developed for building simulation; furthermore…
Annual heating energy requirements of office buildings in a European climate
2016
Abstract The concept of implementing energy savings to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has become a key element of energy policies of any industrialized country. In the civil sector and specifically, energy savings for office buildings, there are still opportunities for further enhancements related to correctly determining the air conditioning thermal requirements. However, there is a lack of simple correlations that allow a preliminary assessment for a single building or correlations that can be quickly applied at the district level. This paper proposes several simple correlations that determine the heating loads of a typical office building by only knowing the Degree-Days of a specific Eu…
SINGLE FACTOR STOCHASTIC MODELS WITH SEASONALITY APPLIED TO UNDERLYING WEATHER DERIVATIVES VARIABLES
2003
This paper estimates single factor stochastic models describing daily air temperature behaviour. We modify classical financial models to reflect temperature seasonality and fit them to a time series representing temperatures in Spain. The estimated models are used in Montecarlo simulations to obtain heating and cooling degree-days, which are used as an underlying reference in weather derivatives. The final goal of this work is to obtain an insight into weather derivative valuation, and so making it easier to manage economic activity risks closely related to temperature (i.e. oil, gas and electricity prices and volumes). En este trabajo se estiman modelos estocásticos unifactoriales que desc…
EFFECT OF FRUIT-SET TIME ON THE QUALITY PERFORMANCE OF ANNONA CHERIMOLA MILL. FRUIT
2019
The aim of this work was to analyze the differences between fruits obtained by different dates of fruit set and identify the proper fruit-set time that allows to obtain the optimum fruit quality in Annona cherimola cv Fino de Jete, planted in Southern Italy. Six fruit-set dates were selected from the first week of June to the second week of July. Fruits were sampled from October to November, when 1500 Growing Degree Days (DD) were accumulated; The DD were calculated using a base temperature of 12 °C. Fruit fresh weight (FW) and skin colour were measured. These parameters were measured also after storage, and in addition, the following parameters were measured: fruit shape (FS), pulp colour,…
THERMAL TIME REQUIREMENT AND HARVEST TIME FORECAST FOR PEACH CULTIVARS WITH DIFFERENT FRUIT DEVELOPMENT PERIODS
2002
Non-linear models using growing degree hours (GDH), based on the choice of base, critical and optimum temperatures, have been successfully applied to calculate thermal time required for spring bud burst in deciduous fruit trees. The flexibility of the model can fit the wide range of temperatures that occur during the peach fruit development period (FDP), which takes place from early spring to late summer. In this experiment, fruit growth was studied in relation to thermal time accumulated from bloom to fruit harvest for peach and nectarine cultivars whose fruit development period range from 70 to 150 days. Thermal time was calculated in terms of degree days (DD) (base temperature 7 °C, and …
Time and heat for sexual reproduction: comparing the phenology of Chara hispida of two populations at different latitudes
2017
Abstract Geographical location affects the main ecological factors driving the timing of plants’ life events. In addition, studying phenology is the simplest procedure to track current global warming and its effects on the success and survival of different populations of the same species. Little is known about the effect of water temperature and its corresponding accumulated heat on charophytes’ phenology. We compared differences in water temperature and sexual reproductive phenology of Chara hispida in two ponds of two countries located at different latitudes (Spain and Switzerland) over the same year. We estimated the accumulated heat required to develop from one phenophase to another (un…
Degree Days and Building Energy Demand
2015
Degree-days (DD) are a climatic indicator that can be used in the assessment and analysis of weather related to energy consumption of buildings. Essentially, degree-days are a summation of the differences between the outdoor temperature and some reference (or base) temperature over a specific time period. In literature, different method can be used for determining the DD value and generally the choice depends on the availability of climatic data of each location. In this paper, after a review and comparison of the most common approaches used to determine DD, the Italian procedure was deeply analyzed. The application of Italian technical rules is based on weather data calculated on a monthly…